INCORRECT OMISSIONS

The following are examples of mistakes made through the omission of the preposition after certain words:

- Ask for a thing, not ask a thing
Ex: He came and asked for my book.

- Dispose of a thing, not dispose a thing
Ex: He will dispose of all his property.

- Dream of a thing, not dream a thing
Ex: Young men dream of glory.

- Explain to a person, not explain a person
Ex: She explained the matter to me.

- Knock at the door, not knock the door
Ex: Who is knocking at the door?

- Listen to a person or a thing, not listen a person or thing
Ex: They were listening to the music.

- Pay for a thing, not pay a thing
Ex: How much did you pay for the book?

- Point to or at a person or thing, not point a person or thing
Ex: He pointed to the map.

- Remind a person of something, not remind a person something
Ex: Please remind me of that later.

- Reply to a person, not reply a person
Ex: He has not replied to me yet.

- Say to a person, not say a person
Ex: He said to me,"Come tomorrow".

- Search for a lost thing, not search a lost thing
Ex: They are searching for the ball.

- Share with a person, not share a person
Ex: My friend shared his book with me.

- Speak to a person, not speak a person
Ex: I shall speak to him about that.

- Supply a person with something, not supply a person something
Ex: Can you supply me with all I need?

- Think of a person or thing, not think a person or thing
Ex: Think of a number and then double it.

- Wait for a person or a thing, not wait a person or thing
Ex: I shall wait for you at the cinema.

- Wish to a thing, not wish a thing
Ex: He desn't wish for any reward.

- Write to a person, not write a person
Ex: I shall write to him tomorrow.

PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice is a passive form sentence. There are some rules in passive voice :
- Only Verb 3 is usable.
- Subject changed into object, object changed into subject.

Pattern for passive voice:

1. Simple Present Tense

Active: S + V1/Vs/Ves + O
Passive: O + to be { is, am, are } + V3 + by S

Example:
She reads the novel. (active)
The novel is read by her. (passive)

2. Simple Past Tense

Active: S + V2 + O
Passive: O + to be { was, were} + V3 + by S

Example:
Alex gave me a special gift. (active)
A special gift was given to me by Alex. (passive)

3. Simple Future Tense and Modals

Active: S + will / modals + V1 + O
Passive: O + will / modals + be + V3 + by S

Example:
I will bring a bar of chocolate. (active)
A bar of chocolate will be brought by me. (passive)

4. Simple Present Continuous Tense

Active: S + to be {is, am, are} + Ving + O
Passive: O + to be {is, am, are} + being + V3 + by S

Example:
They are buying some books in the bookstore. (active)
Some books in th ebookstore are being bought by them. (passive)

This pattern is also for to be past {was, were -- > was, were being}
5. Simple Present Perfect Tense/ Simple Past Perfect Tense

Active: S + has/have {had for past perfect}+ V3 + O
Passive: O + has/have{had for past perfect} + been + V3 + by S

Example:
Mia has sung a beautiful song. (active)
A beautiful song has been sung by Mia. (passive)

For Simple Present Perfect Continuous Tense we only change the verb into V3.
Example:
She has been doing the homework. (active)
The homework has been done by her. (passive)


6. Simple Future Perfect Tense

Active: S + will/ modals + have + V3 + O
Passive: O + will/ modals + have + been + V3 + by S

Example:
Ryan will have a final test. )active)
A final test will have been had by Ryan. (passive)

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Conditional sentence in Indonesian popular with kalimat pengandaian.

There are 3 types of conditional sentence:

TYPE 1
Pattern:
If + S + V1/Ves/Vs + O , S + {will, shall} + V1 + O

Example:
If I have much money, I will go to Mecca.
The fact: I'm still have no much money, but later maybe (possesibility happenened)

NOTE: - The first type use VERB 1.
- The sentence before comma is Present Tense, and the sentence after comma is future tense.
- The condition is possesibility happened.

TYPE 2
Pattern:
If + S + V2 + O, S {would, should} + V1 + O

Example:
If she went to Bali, she would buy some souvenirs for me.
The fact: She doesn't go to Bali, so she doesn't buy me any souvenirs.
She isn't in Bali now.

NOTE: - The second type use VERB 2.
- The sentence before comma is Past Tense, and the sentence after comma is future tense with past modals.
- The condition happened at present.

TYPE 3
Pattern:
If + S + V3 + O, S + {WOULD, SHOULD} + HAVE + V3 + O

Example:
If he had a new job in London, he would have bought a new house
The fact: He didn't get a new job in London, so he did't buy a new house.

NOTE: - The third type VERB 3.
- The sentence before comma is Present Perfect, and the sentence after comma is Past Perfect.
- The condition happened at the past.

All the sentence before comma can remove after comma and the opposite.